Phaeostigme
Phaeostigme Syd. & P. Syd., Annls mycol. 15(3/4): 199 (1917).
Index Fungorum number: IF 3956; Facesoffungi number: FoF 12390, 4 morphological species (Species Fungorum 2022), no molecular data available.
Saprobic on upper surface of dried leaves. Sexual morph: Ascomata superficial, globose to subglobose, grouped, dark brown, glabrous, with exposed ostiole. Peridium comprising 3–4 layers of dark brown cells of textura angularis. Hamathecium expanded among asci, comprising branched, septate, hyaline, pseudoparaphyses. Asci 8-spored, bitunicate, cylindric-subclavate, sessile, apically thickened, slightly narrow-obovoid, with small ocular chamber. Ascospores 2-seriate, obovoid, slightly fusiform-ellipsoid, uniseptate, constricted at the septum, hyaline, becoming brownish to brown at maturity, surrounded by thin gelatinous sheath, smooth-walled. Asexual morph: Unknown (adapted from Boonmee et al. 2017).
Type species: Phaeostigme picea (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Syd. & P. Syd.
Notes: Phaeostigme is characterised by superficial, globose to subglobose, dark brown ascomata, cylindric-subclavate, sessile asci and obovoid, slightly fusiform-ellipsoid, uniseptate ascospores. Phaeostigme picea was synonymized under Dimerium piceum (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Theiss (Boonmee et al. 2017). Lumbsch and Huhndorf (2010), and Hyde et al. (2013) accepted Phaeostigme in Pseudoperisporiaceae. Boonmee et al. (2017) studied the type specimen of P. picea (as Asterina picea) but it was in poor condition. Boonmee et al. (2017) loaned a specimen from BPI and described Phaeostigme as ‘mycoparasitic, having superficial, glabrous ascomata, growing on mycelium of Meliola colonies. Phaeostigme differs from Asterina and Dimerium in ascomatal characters and lack of superficial mycelium and hyphopodia. Phaeostigme differs from members of Pseudoperisporiaceae in having ascomata with pigmented colonies and lack of superficial mycelium. Boonmee et al. (2017) treated Phaeostigme in Dothideomycetes genera, incertae sedis. This was followed by Wijayawardene et al. (2017, 2020). Molecular data is lacking. Fresh collections with DNA sequence data are needed to confirm the systematic position of Phaeostigme.
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