Trichothyrinula
Trichothyrinula Petr., Sydowia 4(1–6): 171 (1950).
Index Fungorum number: IF 5595; Facesoffungi number: FoF 07918, 2 morphological species (Species Fungorum 2022), no molecular data available.
Epiphytic or parasitic on the lower surface of leaves. Thallus spreading as regular outgrowths, circular on host surface; covering thyriothecia, cells of thallus radially arranged. Sexual morph: Thyriothecia, circular, clustered in small groups, dark brown to black, flattened, thin-walled, ostiole not observed. Hamathecium scarce, asci parallel, immersed in mucilage, pseudoparaphyses not observed. Asci 8-spored, bitunicate, fissitunicate, globose to subglobose, apedicellate. Ascospores 2–3-seriate, ovoid to clavate, hyaline, uniseptate, constricted at the septum, upper cell shorter than lower cell, wall with rough ornamentation, becoming brownish with age. Asexual morph: Unknown (adapted from Wu et al. 2014).
Type species: Trichothyrinula sydowii Petr.
Notes: Trichothyrinula is characterised by dark brown to black, flattened thyriothecia, globose to subglobose asci and ovoid to clavate, hyaline, uniseptate ascospores. Trichothyrinula resembles Brefeldiella, but can be differentiated based on its smaller globose to subglobose, apedicellate asci while Brefeldiella has cylindric-clavate, short-pedicellate asci. Trichothyrinula is also morphologically similar to Rhagadolobium in having circular thyriothecia with an upper wall comprising radiating cuboid cells, and ellipsoidal to ovoid, uniseptate ascospores, slightly constricted at the septum, and characterised by a hyaline, upper cell which is shorter than lower cell but differs in having raised, botryose thyriothecia clustered in large darkened areas while Rhagadolobium has scattered thyriothecia (Hongsanan et al. 2014). Müller and Arx (1962) added the second species, Trichothyrinula petrakii and placed the genus in Trichothyriaceae based on morphology. Lumbsch and Huhndorf (2010) transferred Trichothyrinula in Microthyriaceae based on morphology especially spreading thallus with even outgrowths appearing circular on host surface and cells of thallus which are radially arranged. Wu et al. (2014) examined the isotype specimen of T. sydowii (PDD 54550) and transferred Trichothyrinula to Trichopeltinaceae based on morphology. Trichothyrinula differs from other genera in Trichopeltinaceae in having spreading thallus with raised and botryose thyriothecia and may need to be accommodated in a new family. Trichothyrinula is currently a distinct genus in Trichopeltinaceae but molecular data is needed to confirm this taxonomic placement.
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