Teichospora
Teichospora Fuckel, Jb. nassau. Ver. Naturk. 23–24: 160 (1870).
Index Fungorum number: IF 180961; Facesoffungi number: FoF 08367, 50 morphological species (Species Fungorum, 2022), 19 species with molecular data.
Saprobic on host Sexual morph: Ascomata immersed, erumpent to superficial, occurring singly or aggregated in clusters, globose to pyriform, dark brown, darkening in KOH; peridium complex, sometimes surrounded by brown hyphae penetrating into the wood; ostiolar neck distinct, circular in outline, with rounded or flat, variously colored top; ostiole periphysate. Hamathecium of numerous septate, branching, apically free paraphyses and pseudoparaphyses. Asci cylindrical to subclavate, bitunicate, fissitunicate, short stipitate, containing 4–8 uni- to partly biseriately arranged ascospores. Ascospores ellipsoid to clavate, brown, rarely hyaline, didymo-, phragmo- or dictyosporous, not or slightly constricted at the septa, usually smooth and without a sheath. Asexual morphs: coelomycetous, pycnidial, with conidiophores reduced to conidiogenous cells and brown unicellular (coniothyrium-like), rarely hyaline unicellular (aposphaeria-like) or several celled brown conidia, only known for few species (Adapted from Jaklitsch et al., 2016).
Type species: Teichospora trabicola Fuckel
Notes: Teichospora was introduced by Fuckel (1870) with T. trabicola as type species. Teichospora is characterized by immersed, erumpent to superficial ascomata, cylindrical to subclavate asci and ellipsoid to clavate, brown, rarely hyaline, didymo-, phragmo- or dictyosporous ascospores. The asexual morph of Teichospora is coelomycetous producing hardly hyaline unicellular (aposphaeria-like) or several celled brown conidia (Zhang et al., 2012; Hyde et al., 2013). The asexual morph is known only for some species. Von Arx and Müller (1975) treated Teichospora to Pleosporaceae based on morphology and selected T. obducens as the type species. Hawksworth et al. (1995) placed Teichospora under Dothideales incertae sedis. Barr (2002) treated Teichospora as the type genus of Teichosporaceae. Teichospora is closely related to Misturatosphaeria and Curreya based on NCBI Blast searches using ITS and LSU sequences and phylogenetic analyses (Jaklitsch et al., 2016). Jaklitsch et al. (2016) synonymized several species of Misturatosphaeria under Teichospora but Hongsanan et al. (2020a) and Tennakoon et al. (2020) did not follow this treatment and accepted Misturatosphaeria and Teichospora as two separate genera in Teichosporaceae. In the phylogenetic analysis of Hongsanan et al. (2020a), members of Teichospora clustered together as a distinct clade with high statistical support but three species (T. kingiae, T. nephelii, and T. quercus) grouped individually from the Teichospora species. Hongsanan et al. (2020a) reported that Teichospora kingiae is most closely related to taxa in Floricola in having cylindrical to subcylindrical, pale brown to dark brown conidiogenous cells, 1–3- septate conidia (Kohlmeyer & Volkmann-Kohlmeyer, 2000; Crous et al., 2016a). The asexual morphs of T. nephelii and T. quercus are different from other Teichospora species in having ampulliform to sub cylindrical conidiogenous cells and ellipsoid to rounded, unicellular, hyaline, conidia with a truncate base (Crous et al., 2016a, 2018b). Tennakoon et al. (2020) revised the family Teichosporaceae and reported that Teichospora is a distinct lineage sister to Magnibotryascoma with strong statistical support based on phylogenetic analysis of on ITS, LSU, SSU, TEF-1 and RPB2 sequence data. Teichospora is morphologically and phylogenetically a distinct and type genus in Teichosporaceae. Molecular markers available for Teichospora are ITS, LSU, SSU, TEF-1 and RPB2.
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