Floricola
Floricola Kohlm. & Volkm.-Kohlm., Bot. Mar. 43(4): 385 (2000).
Index Fungorum number: IF 28417; Facesoffungi number: FoF 00896, 3 morphological species (Species Fungorum 2022), 3 species with molecular data.
Saprobic on dead branches. Sexual morph: Ascomata solitary, scattered, or in small groups, semi-immersed or erumpent to nearly superficial, coriaceous to carbonaceous, dark brown to black, globose to subglobose or pyriform, with rounded to conical opening. Ostiole central, rounded, usually raised, papillate. Peridium thick at the apex, thinner at the base, comprising two cell types, outer layer composed of small heavily pigmented, thick-walled, compressed cells, inner layer thin, composed of smaller, hyaline cells of textura angularis. Hamathecium comprising 1–2μm wide, numerous, septate, cellular pseudoparaphyses, embedded in a gelatinous matrix. Asci 8-spored, bitunicate, fissitunicate, cylindrical to cylindro-clavate, with a short pedicel, rounded at the apex, with an ocular chamber. Ascospores uni to bi-seriate, partially overlapping, pale to dark brown, fusiform to broadly clavate, with somewhat tapering lower end, 3-septate or muriform, asymmetrical, usually constricted at the central septum, smooth-walled, lacking a mucilaginous sheath. Asexual morph: Conidiomata pycnidial, scattered, immersed to erumpent, unilocular, subglobose to depressed ellipsoidal, ostiolate. Ostiole central, rounded, shortly papillate, light to dark brown, ostiolar canal lined with papillate and filled with a gelatinous mass. Conidiomata wall composed of 5–6 layers of polygonal, thick- walled, hyaline to brown cells of textura angularis merging with host tissues externally. Conidiophores reduced to conidiogenous cells. Conidiogenous cells with annellations, enteroblastic, discrete, phialidic, determinate, doliiform or conical to cylindrical, hyaline. Conidia cylindrical to elongate ellipsoidal, with rounded apex and with truncate base with an abscission scar, 3- distoseptate or with 1–3-longitudinal septa, constricted at some septa, dark brown, smooth-walled to verruculose, surrounded by a thin mucilaginous sheath or not (adapted from Thambugala et al. 2015).
Type species: Floricola striata Kohlm. & Volkm.-Kohlm.
Notes: Floricola is characterised by solitary, scattered ascomata, cylindrical to cylindro-clavate asci and fusiform to broadly clavate, 3-septate or muriform ascospores. Thambugala et al. (2015b) designated Floricola as the type genus of Floricolaceae. Jaklitsch et al. (2016b) reviewed Floricolaceae and synonymized it as Teichosporaceae. Hongsanan et al. (2020a) mentioned that Floricola and Teichospora are distinct in their asexual morphological characters. Floricola is characterised by pycnidial, scattered, immersed to erumpent, unilocular conidiomata, enteroblastic, discrete, phialidic conidiogenous cells, and cylindrical to elongate ellipsoidal, 3-distoseptate or with 1–3-longitudinal septa, conidia surrounded or not surrounded by a thin mucilaginous sheath while Teichospora is characterised by pycnidial coelomycetous morphs with conidiophores reduced to conidiogenous cells and brown unicellular (coniothyrium-like), seldom hyaline unicellular (aposphaeria-like) or several celled brown conidia (Jaklitsch et al. 2016). Phylogenetically, Floricola clusters separately from Teichospora species hence are treated as two distinct genera in Teichosporaceae. More collections are required to confirm the status of Floricola as a separate genus. Molecular markers available for Floricola are ITS, SSU, LSU, RPB2 and TEF-1.
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