Ramichloridium
Ramichloridium Stahel ex de Hoog, Studies in Mycology 15: 59 (1977).
Index Fungorum number: IF 509273; Facesoffungi number: FoF 06941, 23 morphological species (Species Fungorum 2021; Zheng et al. 2021), 7 species with molecular data.
Pathogenic on host. Mycelium consisting of hyaline, sub hyaline, pale brown, or brown, smooth-walled, septate, branched, submerged and aerial hyphae. Asexual morph: Conidiophores straight to gently curved, subcylindrical, unbranched, smooth- and thick-walled, brown to dark brown, 0–3-septate, or sometimes reduced to intercalary conidiogenous cells. Conidiogenous cells integrated, terminal, pale to medium brown, or golden-brown, apical part sub hyaline to pale brown, sub cylindrical, rarely somewhat clavate, sometimes with irregular, nodulose swellings along the length of the conidiogenous cells, tapering towards apex, with sympodial proliferation, forming a rachis with slightly thickened and darkened, circular, somewhat protruding scars. Conidia solitary, aseptate, pale brown, smooth-walled to finely verrucose, clavate or oblong to ellipsoid, or obovate to obconical, apex obtuse or subobtuse, base truncate, with a conspicuous, slightly darkened and thickened, not refractive hilum. Sexual morph: Unknown (Adapted from Marin-Felix et al. 2019).
Type species: Ramichloridium apiculatum (J.H. Mill., Giddens & A.A. Foster) de Hoog
Notes: Ramichloridium was introduced by Stahel (1937) with R. musae as type species. However, the name was invalid because of the absence of Latin diagnosis. Consequently, de Hoog (1977) validated Ramichloridium and included species with erect, dark conidiophores and mainly aseptate conidia, and designated R. apiculatum as the type species. Ramichloridium is characterized by aseptate, pale brown, smooth-walled to finely verrucose, clavate or oblong to ellipsoid, or obovate to obconical conidia. Many species of Ramichloridium still lacks DNA sequence data. In the study of Marin-Felix et al. (2019), only five species have been demonstrated to belong to Ramichloridium. Consequently, other species were added to the genus (Arzanlou et al. 2007; Cheewangkoon et al. 2009; Videira et al. 2017). Ramichloridium seems to be a complex genus and the taxonomic position of many species within the genus still need to be confirmED with DNA sequence data. Ramichloridium is currently treated as a distinct genus in Dissoconiaceae.
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