Botryosphaeriales » Botryosphaeriaceae » Tiarosporella

Tiarosporella paludosa

Tiarosporella paludosa (Sacc. & Fiori) Höhn., in Weese, Ber. dt. bot. Ges. 37: 159 (1919).

            ≡ Neottiospora paludosa Sacc. & Fiori, in Sydow, Hedwigia 38(Beibl.): (137) (1899).

Index Fungorum number: IF 273410; Facesoffungi number: FoF 07719, Fig. 1

Description: see Li et al. (2020).

Material examined: see Li et al. (2020).

Fig. 1 Tiarosporella paludosa (DAOM 215285, DAOM 215582). a, b Appearance of brown to dark brown conidiomata on the host. c Vertical section of conidioma. d, e Section of peridium. f–h Conidiophores, conidiogenous cells with developing conidia. i–m Conidia. Scale bars: a = 500 µm, b = 200 µm, c = 100 µm, d, e = 20 µm, f = 5 µm, g–m = 10 µm.

Importance and distribution

Tiarosporella may be useful to pulp and paper industries as some species produce xylanase and cellulose (Subramaniyan and Prema 2000). Hydrolysis of xylan by these enzymes facilitates the release of lignin from paper pulp and decreases the use of chlorine as the bleaching agent (Gangwar et al. 2014). Tiarosporella durmitorensis infests Abies alba (Pinaceae) (Karadzis 2003). Tiarosporella parca infects Picea abies and P. omorika (Pinaceae) (Heiniger and Schmid 1989). Tiarosporella may be a bio-fungicide for the control of Fusarium wilt of Chrysanthemum sp. (Chen et al. 2018). Tiarosporella urbis-rosarum is an endophytic fungus and also a latent pathogen on Acacia karroo (Fabaceae), common in South Africa (Jami et al. 2012, 2015). Many Tiarosporella species have been transferred to other genera such as Darkera in Phacidiaceae or synonymized with other genera such as Eutiarosporella and Macrophomina in Botryosphaeriaceae. Currently, Tiarosporella comprises eight species but sequence data is available for only five. The species are distributed among eight hosts and in Cyperaceae, Juncaceae, Meliaceae, Myrtaceae, Poaceae and Proteaceae. Tiarosporella is reported from Africa (Western Cape Province), Asia (India (Tamil Nadu), Pakistan), Australia, Europe (Germany) and The United States (North Carolina, Wisconsin).

 

References

Chen H, Zhao S, Zhang K, Zhao J, Jiang J, Chen F, Fang W. 2018 –Evaluation of Soil-Applied Chemical Fungicide and Biofungicide for Control of the Fusarium Wilt of Chrysanthemum and Their Effects on Rhizosphere Soil Microbiota. Agriculture 8, 184. 

Gangwar M, Dogra S, Gupta UP, Kharwar RN. 2014 – Diversity and biopotential of endophytic actinomycetes from three medicinal plants in India. African Journal of Microbiology Research 8,184–191.

Heiniger U, Schmid M. 1989 – Association of Tiarosporella parca with needle reddening and needle cast in Norway spruce. European Journal of Forest Pathology 19, 144–150.

Jami F, Slippers B, Wingfield M, Gryzenhout M. 2012 – Five New Species of the Botryosphaeriaceae from Acacia Karroo in South Africa. Cryptogamie Mycologie 33, 245–266.

Jami F, Slippers B, Wingfield MJ, Loots MT, Gryzenhout M. 2015 –Temporal and spatial variation of Botryosphaeriaceae associated with Acacia karroo in South Africa. Fungal Ecology 15, 51–62.

Karadži DM. 1998 – Tiarosporella durmitorensis sp. nov. – a new pathogenic fungus on needles of Abies alba. European Journal of Forest Pathology 28, 145–152.

Li WJ, McKenZie EHC, Liu JK, Bhat DJ et al. 2020 – Taxonomy and phylogeny of hyaline-spored coelomycetes. Fungal Diversity 100, 279–801.

Subramaniyan S, Prema P. 2000 – Cellulase-free xylanases from Bacillus and other microorganisms. FEMS Microbiology Letters 183, 1–7.

 

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