Botryosphaeriales » Botryosphaeriaceae » Sphaeropsis

Sphaeropsis visci

Sphaeropsis visci (Alb. & Schwein.) Sacc., Michelia 2(no. 6): 105 (1880).

≡ Dothidea visci Kalchbr., Hedwigia 8: 117 (1869).

           Index Fungorum number: IF 281898; Facesoffungi number: FoF 11894, Fig. 1

Description: see Phillips et al. (2008, 2013).

Material considered: see Phillips et al. (2008, 2013).

Fig. 1 Sphaeropsis visci (CWU (MYC) AS 2271). a Immature asci. b Mature ascus with brown, aseptate ascospores. c, d Brown, aseptate ascospores with apiculi (arrows). e Conidioma formed in culture on a pine needle. f–l Conidia. Scale bars: a, b = 20 μm, c, d, f–l = 10 μm, e = 50 μm.

Importance and distribution

Sphaeropsis produces an array of secondary metabolites such as Sphaeropsidin A (Masi et al. 2021). Evidente et al. (1999) reported Sapinofuranones A and B, 2(3H)-dihydrofuranones produced by S. sapinea. Wilkinson et al. (1999) reported Sphaeric Acid, a Succinic acid derivative from Sphaeropsis sp. Evidente et al. (2002) found Sphaeropsidins D and E, two other pimarane diterpenes from S. sapinea f. sp. cupressi. Evidente et al. (2003) found Sphaeropsidin F, a Pimarane Diterpene from the Cypress pathogen S. sapinea f. sp. cupressi. Sparapano et al. (2004) reported sphaeropsidins A-F which are phytotoxins produced by S. sapinea f. sp. cupressi. Evidente et al. (2006) reported sapinopyridione, a phytotoxic 3,3,6-trisubstituted-2,4-pyridione produced by S. sapinea.

There are 373 Sphaeropsis epithets in Index Fungorum (2022), but several species have been transferred to Aplosporella, Botryodiplodia, Coniothyrium, Doassansia, Illosporium, Mycosphaerella, Phaeocytostroma, Phoma, Pseudodiplodia, Setoseptoria and Sydowia. Sphaeropsis species are distributed on a wide range of plants such as Abies balsamea (Pinaceae), Acer negundo (Sapindaceae), Agave sisalana (Asparagaceae), Ailanthus glandulosa (Simaroubaceae), Alnus sp. (Betulaceae), Amelanchier canadensis (Rosaceae), Betula pendula (Betulaceae), Cassia absus (Fabaceae), Negundo aceroides (Sapindaceae) and Tilia intermedia (Malvaceae). Sphaeropsis is reported from Asia (India, Japan, Thailand, Turkey, Uzbekistan), Europe (Poland, Spain), North America (Canada, The United States) and South America (Chile).

 

References

Phillips AJ, Alves A, Abdollahzadeh J, Slippers B, Wingfield MJ, Groenewald JZ, Crous PW. 2013 – The Botryosphaeriaceae: genera and species known from culture. Studies in Mycology 76, 51–167. doi: 10.3114/sim0021.

Phillips AJ, Alves A, Pennycook SR, Johnston PR, Ramaley A, Akulov A, Crous PW. 2008 – Resolving the phylogenetic and taxonomic status of dark-spored teleomorph genera in the Botryosphaeriaceae. Persoonia 21, 29–55.

 

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