Botryosphaeriales » Botryosphaeriaceae » Macrophomina

Macrophomina philippinensis

Macrophomina philippinensis Petr., Annls mycol. 21(3/4): 314 (1923).

           Index Fungorum number: IF 274223; Facesoffungi number: FoF 11890, Fig. 1

Description: see Liu et al. (2012); Phillips et al. (2008, 2013); Hyde et al. (2013); Slippers et al. (2013); Dissanayake et al. (2016).

Material examined: see Liu et al. (2012); Phillips et al. (2008, 2013); Hyde et al. (2013); Slippers et al. (2013); Dissanayake et al. (2016).

 

Fig. 1 Macrophomina philippinensis (re-drawn from Figs. 1, 2 in Mukerji and Manoharachary 2010). a Pycnidia. b Conidiogenous cells. c Development of conidia from conidiogenous cells. d Mature conidia. e Single celled conidia. f–h Conidia.

Fig. 2 Macrophomina phaseolina (CPC 11052, re-drawn from Fig. 5 in Crous et al. 2006). a Conidiogenous cells. b Immature conidia with apical mucoid appendages. c Mature conidia lacking appendages. Scale bars = 10 µm.

Importance and distribution

Macrophomina phaseoli produces beta-galactosidase and N-bromosuccinimide (Sugiura et al. 1978). Macrophomina phaseolina causes charcoal rot disease of Urdbean and cause great economic losses hence is of quarantine significance (Banaras et al. 2020). Macrophomina phaseolina form sclerotial exudates (Reddy et al. 1989). Sugiura et al. (1978) reported beta-galactosidase and N-bromosuccinimide from Macrophomina phaseoli. Morishita et al. (2020) reported another strain of Macrophomina phaseolina producing a 12-membered macrolide called phaseolide A. Macrophomina comprises four species known on roots of Ricinus communis (Euphorbiaceae), leaves of Phaseolus (Fabaceae) and Arachis hypogaea (Fabaceae). Macrophomina is reported from Africa (Senegal), Asia (China (Fujian)), Europe (Italy) and South America (Brazil (Bahia)).

 

References

Arx JA von. 1981 – The genera of fungi sporulating in pure culture. 3rd edn. J. Cramer, Berlin.

Arx JA von. 1987 – Plant-pathogenic Fungi. J. Cramer, Berlin, Germany.

Banaras S, Javaid A, Shoaib A. 2020 – Non-Chemical Control of Charcoal Rot of Urdbean by Sonchus oleraceous Application. Planta Daninha 38.

Crous PW, Slippers B, Wingfeld MJ, Rheeder J et al. 2006 – Phylogenetic lineages in the Botryosphaeriaceae. Studies in Mycology 55, 235–253.

Holliday P, Punithalingam E. 1988 – Macrophomina phaseolina. CMI Descriptions of Pathogenic Fungi and Bacteria No. 275.

Morishita Y, Sonohara T, Taniguchi T, Adachi K, Fujita M, Asai T. 2020 – Synthetic-biology-based discovery of fungal macrolide from Macrophomina phaseolina. Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry 18, 3392.

Mukerji KG, Manoharachary C. 2010 – Taxonomy and Ecology of Indian Fungi. IK International Publishing House 1–306.

Phillips AJL, Alves A, Abdollahzadeh J, Slippers B, Wingfeld MJ, Groenewald JZ, Crous PW. 2013 –The Botryosphaeriaceae: genera and species known from culture. Studies in Mycology 76, 51–167.

Reddy MN, Anandaraj GVD, Devi PS. 1989 –. Chemical composition of sclerotial exudates of Macrophomina phaseolina pathogenic to groundnut. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 21, 931–933.

Sugiura M, Suzuki M, Shimomura T, Sasaki M. 1978 – Pharmaceutical studies on BETA-galactosidases from Macrophomina phaseoli and Sclerotium tuliparum. Chemical & pharmaceutical bulletin 26, 1–8.

 

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