Discopycnothyrium
Discopycnothyrium Hongsanan & K.D. Hyde, Mycotaxon 131(4): 862 (2017) [2016]
Index Fungorum number: IF 551024; Facesoffungi number: FoF 00569, 1 morphological species (Species Fungorum, 2022), 1 species with molecular data
Foliar epiphytes. Superficial mycelium aseptate, pale brown to brown. Sexual morph: undetermined. Asexual morph: Pycnothyrium superficial on the host surface, circular, walls comprising radially arranged cells, dark brown, with central ostiole surrounded by dark cells. Peridium poorly developed at the base. Conidiogenous cells holoblastic, cylindrical, hyaline. Pycnothyriospores ovoid or broadly clavate, widest and rounded near the apex and tapering towards lower end, 1-septate near the tapering base, upper cell pale brown to brown, lower cell hyaline.
Type species: Discopycnothyrium palmae Hongsanan & K.D. Hyde
Notes: Discopycnothyrium is characterised by circular pycnothyria with darkened cells around the central ostiole, unevenly long hyphae at the margin, and pycnothyriospores that areuniseptate with the septum delimiting a large brown upper cell and a small hyaline lower cell. Discopycnothyrium resembles Asterostomula in having superficial mycelium lacking appressoria and setae and pycnothyrium walls composed of radial cells. Discopycnothyrium differs from Asterostomula in lacking stellate dehiscence of the pycnothyrium centers and by its multicellular pycnothyriospores. Discopycnothyrium also resembles Prillieuxina in having circular pycnothyria and dark pycnothyriospores with only one septum, and same host association and ecology (Hofmann 2010) but differs in having circular pycnothyria with X- or Y-shaped fissures at maturity and itsuniseptate pycnothyriospores with a brown (not hyaline) lower cell (Hongsanan et al. 2014). Discopycnothyrium can be distinguished from similar genera based on DNA sequence data. Phylogenetically, Discopycnothyrium is a well-resolved genus in Asterinaceae.
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